Effectiveness of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for the prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly with chronic respiratory diseases: a case-control study of a single center.

JOURNAL
BMC pulmonary medicine

DOI
10.1186/s12890-021-01491-w

Author(s)
T Masuda;E Nakatani;T Shirai;T Akamatsu;K Tamura;S Takahashi;Y Tanaka;H Watanabe;Y Endo;T Suzuki;M Saigusa;A Yamamoto;S Morita;Y Sato;K Asada

Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia has been controversial. METHODS To evaluate the effectiveness of the PPSV23 in elderly outpatients with chronic respiratory diseases, we carried out a case-control study, including 4128 outpatients aged ≥ 65 years, in the respiratory department. RESULTS There were 320 vaccinated patients, of which 164 were diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia. The adjusted odds ratio was 0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.17 to 0.89). In the subsets consisting of age groups ≥ 70 and ≥ 75 years, the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) was respectively 0.16 (0.04 to 0.67) and 0.15 (0.02 to 1.12). CONCLUSION This real-world study suggests that PPSV23 can be useful in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly with chronic respiratory diseases.