Hospice Education: Eating avocados reduced cardiovascular disease risk; Diabetic med improves heart failure in non-diabetics
This study had very large numbers of patients followed. Replacing margarine, butter, processed meats and other foods with avocados reduced risks of long-term cardiovascular disease.
TITLE
Avocado Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults.
JOURNAL
Journal of the American Heart Association
DOI
10.1161/JAHA.121.024014
Author(s)
Pacheco|Lorena S|LS|0000-0002-0569-9506;Li|Yanping|Y|0000-0002-0412-2748;Rimm|Eric B|EB|0000-0002-1402-7250;Manson|JoAnn E|JE|0000-0002-9426-7595;Sun|Qi|Q|0000-0002-8480-1563;Rexrode|Kathryn|K|0000-0003-3387-8429;Hu|Frank B|FB|0000-0002-8233-6274;Guasch-Ferré|Marta|M|0000-0001-8525-1404
Abstract
Background Epidemiologic studies on the relationship between avocado intake and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are lacking. Methods and Results This study included 68 786 women from the NHS (Nurses' Health Study) and 41 701 men from the HPFS (Health Professionals Follow-up Study; 1986-2016) who were free of cancer, coronary heart disease, and stroke at baseline. Diet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires at baseline and then every 4 years. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs. A total of 14 274 incident cases of CVD (9185 coronary heart disease events and 5290 strokes) were documented over 30 years of follow-up. After adjusting for lifestyle and other dietary factors, compared with nonconsumers, those with analysis-specific higher avocado intake (≥2 servings/week) had a 16% lower risk of CVD (pooled hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75-0.95) and a 21% lower risk of coronary heart disease (pooled hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68-0.91). No significant associations were observed for stroke. Per each half serving/day increase in avocado intake, the pooled hazard ratio for CVD was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71-0.91). Replacing half a serving/day of margarine, butter, egg, yogurt, cheese, or processed meats with the equivalent amount of avocado was associated with a 16% to 22% lower risk of CVD. Conclusions Higher avocado intake was associated with lower risk of CVD and coronary heart disease in 2 large prospective cohorts of US men and women. The replacement of certain fat-containing foods with avocado could lead to lower risk of CVD.
https://www.focalize.md/find-journals/?a=IGQY838BEtb5a2zz8RPl
A newer class of diabetic medications has been found to improve outcomes for heart failure in non-diabetics. They are called SGLT-2 inhibitors (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors).
The trade names of some of the common medications: Jardiance (empagliflozin), Invokana (canagliflozin), Farxiga (dapagliflozin), Steglatro (ertugliflozin)
TITLE
Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction.
JOURNAL
The New England journal of medicine
DOI
10.1056/NEJMoa2107038
Author(s)
Anker|Stefan D|SD|;Butler|Javed|J|;Filippatos|Gerasimos|G|;Ferreira|João P|JP|;Bocchi|Edimar|E|;Böhm|Michael|M|;Brunner-La Rocca|Hans-Peter|HP|;Choi|Dong-Ju|DJ|;Chopra|Vijay|V|;Chuquiure-Valenzuela|Eduardo|E|;Giannetti|Nadia|N|;Gomez-Mesa|Juan Esteban|JE|;Janssens|Stefan|S|;Januzzi|James L|JL|;Gonzalez-Juanatey|Jose R|JR|;Merkely|Bela|B|;Nicholls|Stephen J|SJ|;Perrone|Sergio V|SV|;Piña|Ileana L|IL|;Ponikowski|Piotr|P|;Senni|Michele|M|;Sim|David|D|;Spinar|Jindrich|J|;Squire|Iain|I|;Taddei|Stefano|S|;Tsutsui|Hiroyuki|H|;Verma|Subodh|S|;Vinereanu|Dragos|D|;Zhang|Jian|J|;Carson|Peter|P|;Lam|Carolyn Su Ping|CSP|;Marx|Nikolaus|N|;Zeller|Cordula|C|;Sattar|Naveed|N|;Jamal|Waheed|W|;Schnaidt|Sven|S|;Schnee|Janet M|JM|;Brueckmann|Martina|M|;Pocock|Stuart J|SJ|;Zannad|Faiez|F|;Packer|Milton|M|0000-0003-1828-2387;|||
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction, but their effects in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction are uncertain. CONCLUSIONS Empagliflozin reduced the combined risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction, regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. (Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly; EMPEROR-Preserved ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03057951).
https://www.focalize.md/find-journals/?a=CFCB3X4BEtb5a2zzJCZ2